NAPOLÉON BONAPARTE - PART 4 - CONSUL DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE

PAR: VALDEMIR MOTA DE MENEZES

Le système français, installé lors de la désintégration du gouvernement de la Première République, était similaire, mais avec trois consuls, au lieu de deux. Napoléon Bonaparte, de loin le plus ambitieux et charismatique des trois, est devenu le plus important. Lors d'un référendum plus tard, il a reçu le titre de «premier consul à vie", avec une position plus grande que dictateur dans la Rome antique, que le système romain avait le pouvoir pour une période de six mois. Napoléon est resté beaucoup plus longtemps et se proclama empereur de France.

NAPOLÉON BONAPARTE - PART 3 - LA CAMPAGNE D' ÉGYPTE

PAR: VALDEMIR MOTA DE MENEZES
Le 19 mai 1798, Napoléon quitte avec 18 mille soldats à la conquête de l'Egypte. Deux mois plus tard, ses troupes arriveraient au Caire. Avant cela, vaincu les Mamelouks à la bataille légendaire des Pyramides. L'objectif était de démanteler une route de commerce britannique majeur. Le roi George III n'avait pas reconnu les conquêtes territoriales françaises en Italie. Voyant qu'il n'avait pas la possibilité d'envahir l'Angleterre, Napoléon prévu pour le vaincre dans le secteur économique. La base de l'économie anglaise étaient les colonies, dont l'Inde était le principal. Le commerce de marchandises indiennes était vital pour l'Angleterre. Et Napoléon prévu bloquer exactement long chemin anglais en Inde, qui traverse le territoire égyptien. Le 19 mai 1798, est parti avec 18 mille soldats à la conquête de l'Egypte.

NAPOLÉON BONAPARTE - PART 1 - LA RÉVOLUTION FRANÇAISE

Par; Valdemir Mota de  Menezes, l' escribe
 En Juillet 1792, Napoléon a publié une brochure pro-républicain, Le Souper de Beaucaire, qui lui a valu l'admiration et le soutien d'Augustin Robespierre, frère cadet de Maximilien Robespierre leader révolutionnaire. Avec l'aide de son compatriote corse Antoine Christophe Saliceti, Bonaparte au siège de Toulon nommé commandant d'artillerie des forces républicaines. La ville s'était révolté contre le gouvernement républicain et a été occupée par les troupes britânicas. Il a utilisé un plan pour capturer une colline qui domine le port de la ville et obligerait les navires britanniques à évacuer. L'offensive, au cours de laquelle Napoléon a été blessé à la cuisse, a conduit à la prise de la ville et sa promotion au grade de brigadier général. Ses actions ont attiré l'attention du Comité de la Sécurité publique

NAPOLÉON BONAPART - PART 2 - LA CAMPAGNE D' ITALIE

NAPOLÉON BONAPART - PART 2 - LA CAMPAGNE D' ITALIE

PAR: VALDEMIR MOTA DE MENEZES
 La première campagne de Napoléon en Italie a été une partie importante de la guerre de la première coalition (1793-1797), la première des guerres de la Révolution française a commencé en 1792, a été la campagne décisive pour la victoire française et la fin de la guerre de la Première Coalition, a été le première campagne militaire dans laquelle Napoléon Bonaparte a pris le commandement de toutes les forces françaises sur le théâtre des opérations et était celle où il révèle ses qualités militaires exceptionnelles.

HISTÓRIA DE MÉXICO (1900-2011) - PEQUEÑO DOCUMENTAL

Yo tengo grande aprecio por este pais. Siempre estoy a escuchar la radio de la capital de Mexico: 88.9 INFORMACIÓN QUE SIRVE. Este video hace una pequeña descrición de los principales acontecimientos del siglo XX que marcarón la história de Mexico. Que Dios bendiga esta tierra y a todos los cristianos que sirven Jesus. Que Dios destruya los criminales, que perturban la paz de Mexico (Valdemir Mota de Menezes, el escriba)

 

Historia de México 1900 - 2011 - por scribevaldemir

NAZI HIMMLER

NAZI HIMMLER

Le grand mal nazis n'auraient pas fait tant de mal à tant de gens à travers le monde, l'infâme Hitler, n'avait pas l'aide aux personnes mal comme Himmler, Josef Mengele, Cukurs, Adolh Eichmann, Heinrich Gross et d'autres. Cette vidéo se concentre sur Himmler. Au nom de Hitler, Himmler a créé les camps d'extermination des Einsatzgruppen et bâti. En tant qu'animateur et superviseur des camps de concentration, Himmler a dirigé le massacre de quelque six millions de Juifs, entre 200.000 et 500.000 Roms, et d'autres victimes, le nombre total de civils tués par le régime est estimé entre 11 et 14 millions. Beaucoup d'entre eux étaient des Polonais et Soviétiques.


NAZI HIMMLER por videosfavoritesescribe

REDESCOBRINDO A SEGUNDA GUERRA MUNDIAL - 3o EPISÓDIO

REDESCOBRINDO A SEGUNDA GUERRA MUNDIAL - 3o EPISÓDIO

Assitimos um documentário que revela os eventos que se desenrolaram na maior guerra da História. Enquanto os cientistas proclamam a evolução tecnológico, no campo espiritual, os homens se embruteceram como nunca no século XX e patrocinaram uma grande carnificina .(Escriba Valdemir Mota de Menezes)

SECOND WORLD WAR
Watch a documentary that reveals the events that took place in the greatest war in history. While scientists proclaim the technological evolution in the spiritual realm, men are brutish as ever in this century and sponsored a great slaughter. (Scribe Valdemir Mota de Menezes)

MURO DI BERLINO

I poveri dei comunisti del XX secolo ha cercato di imporre al mondo un regime assurdo, sanguinario, violento, atei, teorico di evoluzione e di escludere Dio dalla vita degli uomini. Un regime satanico che è ancora una causa di sofferenza nel mondo. I tedeschi sofferto sotto il nazismo e poi ha dovuto sopportare l'oppressione del comunismo che divideva la Germania con il maledetto muro, tutto per impedire tedeschi dell'est di fuggire nella Germania Ovest. (Commento di Scribe Valdemir Mota de Menezes)


MURO DI BERLINO por Scribeofgodvaldemir

ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM

Enlightened Despotism

In class today, we see that the enlightened despotism

characterized as an attempt at modernization adopted

in some countries of Europe in the eighteenth century, more precisely

since 1750, keeping in essence, an absolutist policy.

A group of nations with a typically agrarian economy, with low

urbanization index, dipped in a semi-feudal, marked

by a small commercial development, with a weak bourgeoisie

and dead, was the setting for these transformations. During this period,

some European monarchs and ministers decided to adopt the principles of

Enlightenment to establish social reforms, without relinquishing absolutism.

The foundations of royal power were redefined: the sovereign no longer

identified with the state itself, but became the first server

even for the sake of all subjects.

In this context, sovereign of Prussia, Austria, Russia, Spain

and Portugal launched themselves to undertake a series of reforms that

sought above all to reconcile the absolute authority of the monarch with

proposals for freedom of the Enlightenment, particularly in the present

thought of Voltaire, who fought the privileges of the aristocracy parasitism

and obscurantism of the clergy.





However, these monarchies, the ideals were not successful. Despots

enlightened not realize the great contradiction that would prevent

realization of his intentions. That's because they wanted to force the development their countries, bouncing natural steps of this process: admitted

the ideas of the Enlightenment, issued by the bourgeoisie, but tried to carry them without their participation.





They tried to reform the state from the state itself, through a policy

authoritarian and paternalistic, taking measurements and liberal character, not

However, barring any popular demonstration. "All the people without

the people "was the slogan of enlightened despots. Unsuccessful:

pressured by the nobility and the bourgeoisie without support, were overthrown

the throne or forced to backtrack in its reforms, which therefore

prevented their countries from becoming modern nations in

equal terms with the powers England and France.





The Enlightened Despotism in Eastern Europe

Prussia - The pinnacle of enlightened despotism in Prussia was hit in

government of Frederick the Great (1740-1786). Among its main

measures include:

• Abolished the torture of political prisoners, guaranteeing freedom of expression;

• Adopted a new code of justice;

• It granted freedom of worship to the people;

• He founded schools, making education compulsory;

• Promoted the agricultural and industrial development;



Frederick developed a strong sense of nationalism, demanding full


obedience to his orders. The highlight of his government were

military organizations, which ensured the domestically repressive force

and oversight necessary to state. The reforms implemented by

Prussian ruler, inspired by Enlightenment ideals of the time, were not intended

necessarily the welfare of the population, but the aggrandizement

State.









Austria - The greatest example of enlightened despot was Joseph II (1780-1790)

- The only monarch who actually put into practice the ideas of philosophers

Enlightenment. Its main measures were:

• German as the official language;

• Abolition of slavery;

• Granting of religious freedom;





Russia - Catherine the Great (1762-1796) is considered one of the most celebrated enlightened despots. By assuming, took a number of initiatives,

such as:

• Instituted the Charter of Nobility;

• Over taxes farmers with higher taxes;

• Maintained servitude;



• We conducted a policy of expansion, attracting people into areas

Low density;

• Adopted the mercantilist policy which favored industrial development.



The Enlightened Despotism in Iberia



Spain - With the penetration of Enlightenment ideas in Spain in the reign

Carlos III, his minister Aranda, announced wide-ranging measures aimed

establish a mercantilism conducive to the development of the country. In that

context, intensified colonial exploitation, declined skills

the Holy Office and reshaped the educational system itself.





Portugal - The Portugal in enlightened despotism was exercised by the Marquis

Pombal, Minister of Don José I. At that time, Portugal was trying

recover the finances of the kingdom and the example of Spain, for survival

the nation was essential to strengthen the colonial ties. Pombal tried

reorganize the Portuguese economy, but could not overcome the

severe crisis that the kingdom passed.



In summary, the enlightened despotism was an attempt

by nations that aspired to become powers

example of France and England, and that it used to be

Enlightenment ideals of the time, albeit without success.